Bioremediation of Environmental Waste: A Review
Keywords:
Biodegradation, Bioremediation, Microbial fuel cells, Dendro liquid energy, WtE programAbstract
Nearly 1.6 billion tons of waste produced annually poses several environmental and health threats and, therefore, efficient waste disposal and management programs require urgent attention. Biodegradation and bioremediation are environmental friendly methods with reference to reduced production of toxic residues and release of trapped nutrients in the process of mineralization. The so-called ‘waste substances’ have high calorific values and huge amount of energy that is often not utilized and is discarded. This waste matter can be utilized for energy, fuel and electricity production with the help of micro-organisms. Currently, ‘Waste to Energy (WtE) Program’ is being practiced by many countries for the production of clean fuels and electricity utilizing a number of methods e.g. fermentation, anaerobic digestion, landfill gas, bio-sparging, bio augmentation, microbial fuel cells, bioventing, dendro liquid energy, etc., with the latter being most efficient of all as it is based on zero waste technology and has high efficiency. Many bacterial, fungal and other species have been reported that efficiently degrade the waste matter. In addition, genetically modified organisms are being produced for the degradation of specific kinds of wastes e.g. polymers, hydrocarbons, plastics, industrial wastes, etc. Efficient system of waste collection, recycling and reuse along with active public participation are essential for any successful waste management program. This review aims to discuss few biological methods for waste management.
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[4] J. J. Ortega-Calvo and M. Alexander. Roles of bacterial attachment and spontaneous partitioning in the biodegradation of naphthalene initially present in non-aqueous-phase liquids, Apple Environment Microbiology, Vol. 60, pp. 2643–2646, 1994.
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[6] C. Visvanathan and U. Glawe. Domestic solid waste management in south asian countries – A comparative analysis, 3-R South Asia Expert Workshop, 2006.
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[9] N. Gouveia and R. R. D. Prado. Health risks in areas close to urban solid waste landfill sites, Revista de Saúde Pública, Vol. 44, pp. 859-866, 2010.
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[15] M. Vidali. Bioremediation: An overview, Pure Applied Chemistry, Vol. 73(7), pp. 1163–1172, 2001.
[16] F. Mastouri, R. M. Hassandokht and P. N. M. Dehkaei. The effect of application of agricultural waste compost on growing media and greenhouse lettuce yield, International Symposium on Soilless Culture and Hydroponics, Acta Hort, Vol. 697, pp. 153-158, 2005.
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[18] B. E. Logan. Assessment of microbial fuel cell configurations and power densities, Environmental Science and Technology Letters, Vol. 2, pp. 206-214, 2015.
[19] B. Ghougassian. Waste to energy technologies, Arab Forum for Environment and Development, 2012.
[20] X. T. T. Nguyen, K. J. Tomberlin and S. Vanlaerhoven. Ability of black soldier fly (diptera: stratiomyidae) larvae to recycle food waste, Environment Entomol, pp. 1–5, 2015.
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[22] M. Shimao. Biodegradation of plastics, Current Opinion Biotechnology, Vol. 12, pp. 242, 2001.
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[28] R. Mahmood, R. Shariff, S. Ali and M. U. Hayyat. Bioremediation of textile effluents by indigenous bacterial consortia and its effects on zea mays L.CVC 1415, Journal of Animal and Plant Sciences, Vol. 23(4), pp. 1193-1199, 2013.
[29] L. Kamika, and M. N. B. Momba. Comparing tolerance limits of selected bacterial and protozoan species to vanadium in waste water systems, Water, Air and Soil pollution, Vol. 223(5), pp. 2525-2539, 2012.
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[35] A. D. Roberts, A. N. Paul, I. M. Bird, and D. N. Rocky. Bioremediation of coal-fired power stations using macro algae, Journal of Environmental Management, Vol. 153, pp. 25-32, 2015.
[36] P. Singh and P. V. Sharma. Integrated plastic waste management: environmental and improved health approaches, Procedia Environmental Sciences, Vol. 35, pp. 692–700, 2015.
[37] R. J. Mueller. Biodegradability of polymers: regulations and methods for testing, Biopolymers, Vol. 10, 2003.
[38] A. Mahar, R. N. Malik, A. Qadir, T. Ahmed, Z. Khan and M. A. Khan. Review and analysis of current solid waste management situation in urban areas of Pakistan, International Conference on Sustainable Solid Waste Management, India, 2007, pp. 34-41.
[39] R. U. M. Khattak, J. Khan and I. Ahmad. An analysis of willingness to pay for better solid waste management services in urban areas of district Peshawar, Sarhad Journal of Agriculture., Vol. 25(3), pp. 529-535. 2009.
[40] Pakistan environmental protection agency. Guidelines for solid waste management, Ministry of Environment, PEP and United Nation Developed Program, 2005.
[41] M. S. Ali, A. Pervaiz, B. Afzal, N. Hamid and A. Yasmin. Open dumping of municipal solid wastes and its hazardous impacts on soil and vegetation diversity at waste dumping sites of Islamabad city, Journal of King Saud University of Science, Vol. 26, pp. 59-65, 2014.
[42] M. D. Zeyaullah, M. D. Atif, B. Islam, S. Azza, S. P. Abdelkafel, M. A. ElSaady and A. Ali. Bioremediation: A tool for environmental cleaning, African Journal of Microbiology Research, Vol. 3(6), pp. 1014, 2009.
[43] R. Boopathy. Factors limiting bioremediation technologies, Bio Resource Technology, Vol. 74, pp. 63-67, 2000.
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Published
2018-09-08
How to Cite
Sadia Sidra Aziz. (2018). Bioremediation of Environmental Waste: A Review. University of Wah Journal of Science and Technology (UWJST), 2, 35–42. Retrieved from https://uwjst.org.pk/index.php/uwjst/article/view/14
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